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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Comment: “It is not the consciousness of men that determines their being, but, on the contrary, their social being determines their consciousness.” (Marx)

  • UPSC 1997
  • Western Political Thought

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The sentence is the hinge of the Preface to Karl Marx's A Contribution to the Critique of Political Economy (1859), a summary of the conclusion that became the "guiding principle" of his studies. It condenses historical materialism and completes the break with Hegelian idealism. Read as conditioning, it is among the most fertile claims in…

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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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