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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Marriage as an institution has undergone a radical transformation from ‘ritual’ to ‘commercial’ in its outlook. Explain the factors behind this change.

  • UPSC 2024
  • Systems of Kinship

In the Hindu ideal described by K. M. Kapadia (Marriage and Family in India, 1955), marriage was a sanskara: kanyadan was a religious gift, and the aims were dharma, praja and rati. Today the marriage market dominates, with a wedding industry Jefferies (2024) valued at about $130 billion a year. Several interlinked factors explain the…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Factors behind the change
  • A qualification: ritual is repackaged, not replaced
  • Conclusion

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