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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Is there a connection between labour migration and informal sector? Justify your answer with reference to Indian context.

  • UPSC 2024
  • 10 marks
  • Industrialization and Urbanisation in India

Yes — and in India the connection is constitutive, not incidental. Labour migration is the recruitment mechanism of the informal economy, and the informal economy is the only destination open to most migrants. Jan Breman's footloose labour and Ravi Srivastava's circular migration describe the same circuit from its two ends.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Migrants are absorbed only informally
  • The informal sector actively recruits through migration
  • Circular migration keeps informal wages low
  • Caste and region produce labour niches
  • The qualification
  • Conclusion

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