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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“Is moral law, the law of conscience, higher than the law of the state, which is oppressive?” (Gandhi, 1922). Comment.

  • UPSC 2008
  • Rise of Gandhi and the Gandhian Era

This proposition captures the philosophical core of Gandhian civil disobedience — that a citizen's inner moral conscience carries a higher claim on obedience than a state law that has become unjust or oppressive.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Context: The Great Trial of 1922
  • The Philosophical Content: Conscience Versus the Oppressive State
  • Continuity and Influence Through the National Movement

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