Unlock Elite Access: Level Up Your Preparation with Exclusive Content

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss the causes and consequences of inter-State water disputes in India.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 20 marks
  • Federalism

Unlock the full answer · ₹1,770 ↓

Almost every major Indian river crosses state lines, so a single hydrological unit is shared among politically autonomous claimants. Alan Richards and Nirvikar Singh argue that such disputes persist because they are absorbed into general centre–state bargaining rather than settled by neutral institutions. Their causes are physical, legal and political; their consequences reach far beyond…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Causes
  • Consequences
  • Way forward
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

Unlock this answer and 1,393 more

  • 1,394 solved UPSC PSIR PYQs from 1991 to 2026, Paper-1 and Paper-2
  • Topic-wise across all 40 syllabus units
  • A full model answer for every question
  • Read online on lotusarise.com, plus PDF download
  • 500 days of access from the day you enrol

₹1,770₹5,00064% off

Get PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions @ ₹1,770 →

One-time payment · No subscription · Instant access · UPI, cards, RuPay

See every Federalism question (34 solved) →Already enrolled? Log in