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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Critically examine India’s objections to CTBT and NPT.

  • UPSC 2002
  • India and the Nuclear Question

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India helped draft the norms behind both the NPT (1968) and the CTBT (1996), then refused to sign either. Its objections form one doctrine: a treaty is acceptable only if it is universal, non-discriminatory, verifiable and linked to disarmament. By that test the objections are coherent; by their consequences and rival theories, less so.

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What the full answer covers

  • The objections at their strongest
  • Critiques
  • Counter-evidence for India
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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