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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Identify India’s contributions and assistance in the process of nation-building in South Africa.

  • UPSC 2009
  • 20 marks
  • India and the Global South

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Nation-building in South Africa had two tasks: forging a shared, non-racial identity out of apartheid's divisions, and building the institutions of a democratic state. India contributed to both across three phases: the moral and organisational inheritance of Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, half a century of anti-apartheid diplomacy, and partnership with the democratic state after 1994. Its…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • The Gandhian foundation (1893–1914)
  • Anti-apartheid diplomacy (1946–1994)
  • Partnering the democratic state (1993 onward)
  • Assessment
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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