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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

In what way can the concept of ‘patriarchal bargain’ be applied to the institution of marriage? Comment.

  • UPSC 2026
  • Systems of Kinship

Deniz Kandiyoti ("Bargaining with Patriarchy", Gender & Society, 1988) argued that women do not simply submit to male dominance. They strategise within concrete constraints, and each patriarchal system offers different terms. Marriage is where these terms are struck most visibly, because under classic patriarchy (the Middle East, South and East Asia) it moves a woman…

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What the full answer covers

  • How the bargain works inside marriage
  • Comment: strengths and limits
  • Conclusion

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