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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

In course of the 19th century, the agenda of social reform was gradually replaced by revivalism. Critically examine.

  • UPSC 2024
  • Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas

The nineteenth century did not move from reform to revivalism in a straight line — it wove the two together, with revivalism gaining ground without ever fully displacing reform's original agenda.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Early Reformist Phase
  • Why Revivalism Gained Ground
  • Revivalism, Nationalism, and the Retreat of Reform
  • Reform That Persisted Despite Revivalism

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