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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

International Human Rights frameworks are hostage to politics among nations. Comment.

  • UPSC 2026
  • 15 marks
  • Contemporary Global Concerns

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The statement borrows the title of Hans J. Morgenthau's Politics Among Nations (1948) and makes a realist claim: norms bind only as far as power and interest allow. The regime asks states to answer for how they treat their own people, yet states remain its only enforcers and funders. The claim is largely true of…

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What the full answer covers

  • Why the frameworks look hostage
  • Why "hostage" overstates the case
  • The Indian vantage
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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