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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

How is religious revivalism different from communalism? Elaborate with suitable examples from the Indian context.

  • UPSC 2014
  • Religion and Society

The two are often confused because both put religion at the centre of public life. Religious revivalism turns inward: it seeks to renew and purify a faith. Communalism turns outward: it mobilises a religious community politically against another. Bipan Chandra (Communalism in Modern India, 1984) defined communalism as the belief that followers of a religion…

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What the full answer covers

  • Criteria-wise contrast
  • Revivalism in India
  • Communalism in India
  • Where the two meet
  • Conclusion

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