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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

How does Himalayan ecosystem regulate the cropping pattern and agricultural activities in Himalayan region of India? Discuss.

  • UPSC 2025
  • Agriculture

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Temperature falls with height, so the crop changes every few hundred metres and cultivation thins out above about 3,500 m. Sher Singh Dhillon identified six altitudinal agro-climatic zones in the Western Himalaya — subtropical monsoon (rice, wheat, maize), warm temperate (ginger, plum, apricot), cool temperate (apple, pear, cherry, walnut), cold temperate, alpine (barley, small millets,…

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What the full answer covers

  • Altitude is the master control
  • Slope, aspect and terrain dictate the field
  • Niche crops the ecosystem creates
  • The ecosystem is now moving
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