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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

How do physiography and climate of India explain the biological diversity of the country?

  • UPSC 2022
  • Physical Setting

India occupies about 2.4 per cent of the world's land area but holds roughly 8 per cent of its recorded species, and contains four of the world's biodiversity hotspots — the Himalaya, the Western Ghats and Sri Lanka, Indo-Burma, and Sundaland reaching the Nicobars.

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What the full answer covers

  • Physiography Supplies Habitat and Isolation
  • Three landmasses, three evolutionary histories
  • Altitude as a compressed latitude gradient
  • Isolation within the Peninsula
  • Climate Supplies the Range of Conditions
  • Where the Explanation Now Needs Qualifying

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