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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

How Dalit movements in India have facilitated their Identity formation? Analyze.

  • UPSC 2025
  • 10 marks
  • Social Movements in Modern India

Identity for the ex-untouchable castes was not inherited but manufactured through struggle. The very word Dalit — "broken", "ground down" — is a self-chosen political name, used by Jyotirao Phule and revived by the Dalit Panthers in place of Harijan and untouchable, names conferred by others. Dalit movements have therefore worked less as demand-groups than…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Mechanism 1: Rejecting the borrowed self
  • Mechanism 2: Ritual and symbolic action
  • Mechanism 3: Cultural production
  • Mechanism 4: Political and legal symbolism
  • Limits of the achievement
  • Conclusion

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