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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

How are open and closed systems of stratification undergoing transformation in the emergence of new hierarchical social order in societies?

  • UPSC 2013, 2010
  • Stratification and Mobility

Two movements are running in opposite directions. Closed systems such as caste are losing their ritual basis and opening to achievement. Open systems based on class are hardening as advantage is passed down through credentials, capital and networks. Where the two meet, a new hierarchical order is forming: it is legitimated by merit but continues…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Transformation of closed systems
  • Transformation of open systems
  • The emerging hierarchical order
  • Conclusion

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