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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

High concentration of economic activities and consumption patterns in post-liberalisation period has led to the failure of environmental movements in India. Elucidate.

  • UPSC 2022
  • 10 marks
  • Social Movements

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In Ecology and Equity (1995), Madhav Gadgil and Ramachandra Guha divide India into omnivores, who draw on resources from everywhere, and ecosystem people, who live off local commons. The statement holds that liberalisation after 1991 enlarged and concentrated the omnivores' demand and power, and weakened the movements that speak for ecosystem people.

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  • The Mechanism
  • Why "Failure" Overstates It
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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