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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

What explains India’s modest improvements in social development outcomes even as the rate of growth has accelerated since the initiation of economic reforms?

  • UPSC 2021
  • 15 marks
  • Planning and Economic Development

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Since 1991 India has become one of the fastest-growing large economies — real GDP grew 7.7 per cent in 2025-26 — yet it ranks 130th of 193 on the Human Development Index (HDR 2025), and inequality shaves 30.7 per cent off its HDI value. The gap is explained less by economics than by the political…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Why growth has not converted into capability
  • The Kerala contrast
  • Counter-evidence
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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