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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Give an account of the recent trends of marriage in the Indian context. How are these different from traditional practices?

  • UPSC 2025
  • Systems of Kinship

Classical Hindu marriage, as K. M. Kapadia (Marriage and Family in India, 1955) described it, was a sanskara: indissoluble, arranged by elders, governed by caste endogamy and gotra–sapinda exogamy, and aimed at dharma, praja and rati. Recent trends show Indian marriage changing in its terms without being abandoned. Choice, age, law and markets are shifting,…

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What the full answer covers

  • Recent trends
  • How these differ from traditional practice
  • Continuities
  • Conclusion

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