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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Give a reasoned account of river water dispute related with River Mahanadi.

  • 15 marks
  • Political Aspects

The Mahanadi river dispute between Odisha and Chhattisgarh is a textbook manifestation of upstream-downstream spatial conflict rooted in basin asymmetry. Unlike older peninsular disputes (e.g., the Cauvery or Krishna), where British-era colonial agreements existed, the Mahanadi basin functioned for decades without any formal inter-state water-sharing treaty. The conflict erupted when the upper riparian state (Chhattisgarh,…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • 1. Physical Geography and Upstream-Downstream Spatial Asymmetry
  • 2. Historical Genesis: From Shared Vision to Conflict
  • 3. A Reasoned Account of the Core Dispute Drivers
  • A. The Non-Monsoon vs. Monsoon Asymmetry
  • B. Competing Multi-Purpose Demands on Hirakud
  • C. The Battle of Incompatible Volumetric Claims
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion

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