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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

How has geo-economics replaced geo-politics in the present International scenario?

  • UPSC 2008
  • 20 marks
  • Evolution of the International Economic System

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Geopolitics, from Halford J. Mackinder to Nicholas J. Spykman, treats power as control of territory, routes and military position. In 1990 Edward N. Luttwak ("From Geopolitics to Geo-Economics: Logic of Conflict, Grammar of Commerce", The National Interest) argued that after the Cold War rivalry would keep its adversarial logic but speak the language of trade:…

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What the full answer covers

  • Why geo-economics moved to the centre
  • The evidence today
  • Why "replaced" overstates it
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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