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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

From the Thirty Years War finally emerged the modern state system of Europe. Do you agree?

  • UPSC 1992
  • Origins of Modern Politics

The Thirty Years' War (1618–1648) and its settlement, the Peace of Westphalia, are conventionally credited with founding the "Westphalian system" of sovereign, territorially bounded, mutually recognizing states that underlies international relations to this day.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the History Optional PYQ Master Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • What the Thirty Years' War Was and Why It Mattered
  • The Peace of Westphalia's Institutional Innovations
  • Why This Is Read as the Birth of the Modern State System
  • Qualifications: A Process, Not a Single Origin
  • Weighing the Verdict

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