History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer
‘Firuz Tugluq has been overshadowed by Muhammad Tughluq.’ In the light of this statement evaluate the significance of the policies and actions of Firuz Tughluq
- UPSC 1990
- The Fourteenth Century
Historical memory rewards drama, and Muhammad bin Tughluq's reign supplied it in abundance — a failed capital transfer, a collapsed currency experiment, an abandoned invasion of Khurasan. Firuz Tughluq's thirty-seven years by comparison read as unglamorous administration: canals dug, towns founded, taxes rationalised, buildings repaired. But narrative drama is a poor proxy for historical significance.…
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What the full answer covers
- Why Muhammad Tughluq Dominates the Popular Narrative
- Firuz's Independent Achievement: Water and Cultivable Land
- New Towns, Restoration, and Institutional Welfare
- Agrarian Simplification
- The Failures That Complicate the Comparison
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