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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Explain the vertical zonation of vegetation of the Himalayas.

  • UPSC 2026
  • Physical Setting

The Himalaya compress into a few thousand metres of altitude the vegetation sequence that latitude spreads across continents. Natural vegetation reflects the combined effects of relief and climate, and here relief supplies both — falling temperature with height and rising rainfall to the orographic maximum.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The Vertical Sequence
  • Tropical, below about 1,000 m
  • Subtropical, about 1,000 to 2,000 m
  • Temperate, about 2,000 to 3,000 m
  • Sub-alpine, about 3,000 to 3,800 m
  • Alpine, about 3,800 to 4,800 m
  • …and 3 more sections, with a conclusion

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