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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Explain continuity and change of traditional social institutions in urban community in India. How are they adopting to the process of urban development?

  • UPSC 1994
  • Visions of Social Change in India

Classical urban theory expected the city to dissolve ascription into contract. Indian evidence refutes the expectation. Yogendra Singh (Modernisation of Indian Tradition, 1973) put it precisely: the form of traditional institutions may remain intact while their substance is transformed. With India moving from 31.16% urban (Census 2011) to roughly 37% (World Bank, 2024), the question…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Caste: persistence with reorganisation
  • Family, kinship and marriage
  • Religion and jajmani residues
  • How they adapt to urban development
  • Conclusion

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