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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Examine the role of Arya Samaj and Ramakrishna Mission as reform movements in India.

  • UPSC 2001
  • Social Movements in Modern India

Both answered the same colonial predicament — a Hindu society charged with decadence by missionaries and administrators — by opposite techniques. The Arya Samaj, founded by Dayanand Saraswati (1824–1883) at Bombay on 10 April 1875, chose confrontation and purification; the Ramakrishna Mission, founded by Swami Vivekananda (Narendranath Datta, 1863–1902) on 1 May 1897, chose synthesis…

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