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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Examine ongoing space programmes of India and their implications for national security in future.

  • UPSC 2019
  • Transport, Communication and Trade

India space effort was built as a civilian, application-driven programme and has acquired a military edge only recently — the test is whether the ongoing programmes add up to a security architecture or remain dual-use spin-off.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The ongoing programme families
  • Launch vehicles — assured access to orbit
  • Communication, navigation, observation
  • Implications for national security
  • The vulnerability that dependence creates
  • Verdict

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