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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss the evolution of non-proliferation of nuclear weapons in the post-Cold War Period.

  • UPSC 2016
  • 15 marks
  • Changing International Political Order

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Non-proliferation seeks to stop nuclear weapons spreading to new states (horizontal) and, less successfully, existing arsenals growing (vertical). In the Cold War it rested on the NPT bargain and superpower discipline over clients. After 1991 the regime was consolidated, shaken, patched with coercive tools, and has eroded since 2018.

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What the full answer covers

  • Phase 1: Consolidation, 1991–1997
  • Phase 2: Shocks and counter-proliferation, 1998–2006
  • Phase 3: Accommodation and diplomacy, 2005–2017
  • Phase 4: Erosion, 2018–2026
  • Assessment
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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