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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

People are concerned about the degradation of the environment and the problems that go with it. Discuss the international response.

  • UPSC 1998
  • Contemporary Global Concerns

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Environmental degradation is now described as a triple planetary crisis of climate change, nature loss and pollution. Its political difficulty lies in structure: the damage is global, authority is national, and abatement is a public good from which free riders benefit. Garrett Hardin's "tragedy of the commons" (1968) explains why voluntary restraint fails. The international…

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What the full answer covers

  • The problems that drive concern
  • Layers of the international response
  • How effective has it been?
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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