History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer
Do you consider the Rajatarangini of Kalhana to be a reliable source of the political history of Kashmir? Why?
- UPSC 2017
- Cultural Traditions in India, 750-1200
Kalhana's Rajatarangini — "The River of Kings" — is a Sanskrit verse chronicle of 7,826 shlokas arranged across eight tarangas ("waves"), composed around 1148–50 CE and covering Kashmir's rulers from the legendary Gonanda to Kalhana's contemporary, Jayasimha. As a source specifically for political history — dynastic succession, court intrigue, administration, war — its reliability is…
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What the full answer covers
- Structure of the Political Narrative
- Weaknesses in the Early Political Narrative
- Growing Reliability from the Karkota Period Onward
- Kalhana's Method as a Reliability Marker
- Residual Biases That Qualify Even the Later Books
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