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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Do you agree that social movements are caused by opportunity structures that are generated by media? Why?

  • UPSC 2019
  • 10 marks
  • Social Movements in Modern India

Only in part. The proposition confuses a facilitating condition with a cause. Doug McAdam, in Political Process and the Development of Black Insurgency (1982), used political opportunity structure to explain the timing and form of insurgency, never its origin. Media widen opportunity; movements are caused by structural strain and organised grievance.

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  • Where the claim is right
  • Why media are not the cause
  • Conclusion

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