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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Distinguish between formal and informal sectors in India.

  • UPSC 2013
  • 20 marks
  • Industrialization and Urbanisation in India

In India the distinction is best drawn where the law stops. The National Commission for Enterprises in the Unorganised Sector (NCEUS) under Arjun Sengupta (2007) defined the unorganised sector as unincorporated household enterprises employing under ten workers, and found over nine-tenths of the workforce inside it. Keith Hart, who coined "informal" (1973), and the ILO…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Criteria-wise contrast
  • What the contrast reveals
  • Why the dichotomy blurs in India
  • The NCEUS clarification: sector versus employment
  • Conclusion

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