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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Indian democracy began with the unique advantages of an efficient civil service and a well-organized political party yet its record is dismal. What are the causes for such poor performance?

  • UPSC 2001
  • Party System

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India began with two assets few new states had: an administrative "steel frame" carried over from the Indian Civil Service, and the Congress, a mass party with a national organisation. The charge of a "dismal" record holds for the quality of governance, not for the survival of democracy. Most of the shortfall came from the…

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What the full answer covers

  • Causes of the shortfall
  • Why "dismal" overstates the case
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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