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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Discuss the transformation of Sikh community from a Nirguna Bhakti sect into a politico-military organization.

  • UPSC 2021
  • Economy and Society in the 16th and 17th Centuries

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The Sikh community's journey from a Nirguna Bhakti fellowship under Guru Nanak to a politico-military organization under Guru Gobind Singh and his successors is among the most striking transformations in medieval Indian religious history.

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What the full answer covers

  • Nirguna Bhakti Foundations Under Guru Nanak and Early Successors
  • The Shift Toward Organization and Militancy
  • Continuity and the Second Martyrdom
  • The Khalsa as Institutional Culmination
  • From Khalsa to Political Power: Banda Bahadur and the Misls
  • Culmination Under Ranjit Singh
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