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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Discuss the state of society and economy of the Bahmani kingdom as gleaned from historical sources

  • UPSC 2013
  • The Fifteenth and Early Sixteenth Century: Political History

Reconstructing Bahmani society and economy depends heavily on which kind of source one reads — Persian court chronicles remain largely silent on economic life, so much of what is known comes from a single detailed foreign account, supplemented by administrative reform records and scattered epigraphic and architectural evidence.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Agrarian and Fiscal Economy
  • Trade, Ports, and Urban Commerce
  • Social Stratification
  • A Cosmopolitan and Composite Culture

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