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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Discuss the policies and programmes of the early nationalists (moderates). To what extent they were able to fulfil the aspirations of the people.

  • UPSC 2022
  • Early Indian Nationalism

The early nationalists, who dominated the Indian National Congress between 1885 and 1905, pursued a programme of constitutional agitation whose modesty in method contrasted with the depth of its critique of colonialism.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Constitutional Programme: Widening and Reforming the Councils
  • Administrative Demands: Indianisation and Institutional Reform
  • The Economic Critique: Constructing the "Drain of Wealth"
  • Defence of Civil Liberties
  • Extent of Fulfilment: A Balance Sheet
  • Structural Limitations
  • …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion

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