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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

Discuss the important social reform legislations passed in the nineteenth century and elucidate the reaction of Indian leaders to the measures adopted.

  • UPSC 2000
  • Social and Religious Reform Movements in Bengal and Other Areas

Nineteenth-century social legislation in colonial India emerged from a sustained dialogue — and often confrontation — between reformist Indian opinion and a cautious colonial state, producing a slow, contested chain of enactments rather than a single decisive break with custom.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Bengal Sati Regulation, 1829
  • The Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856
  • The Native/Civil Marriage Act, 1872
  • Campaigns against Polygamy and Child Marriage; the Age of Consent Act, 1891
  • Toward the Twentieth Century: The Sharda Act, 1929
  • The Underlying Pattern of Reaction

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