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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Discuss the geopolitical significance of Quad in the Indo-Pacific realm with reference to marine trade in the region.

  • UPSC 2022
  • Transport, Communication and Trade

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Nicholas John Spykman inverted the continental thesis: power over the maritime rimland — the arc of coastal states fringing Eurasia — and not the interior heartland, decides the fate of world commerce, since the rimland holds the population, the industry and the ports. The Indo-Pacific is that rimland expressed economically.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • The realm being contested is a commercial realm before it is a military one
  • What the Quad actually does that touches marine trade
  • Awareness of the sea
  • Resilience of the cargo
  • Infrastructure and relief
  • The counter-case
  • …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion
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