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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Discuss the factors responsible for counter-urbanisation.

  • UPSC 2014
  • Population and Settlement Geography

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Counter-urbanisation is the net deconcentration of population and economic activity from large metropolitan cores to smaller towns and rural districts — a reversal of the urbanisation cascade, first identified by Brian Berry (1976) in the American non-metropolitan turnaround.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Push from the Core: Urban Diseconomies of Scale
  • Pull of Smaller Settlements: Amenity, Cost and the Rural Idyll
  • Environmental Preference
  • Life-Cycle and Household Change
  • Economic Restructuring: Deindustrialisation and Footloose Industry
  • Technology and Transport: Motorways, Broadband and Remote Work
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion
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