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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss the concept of animism and differentiate it from naturism.

  • UPSC 2024
  • Religion and Society

Animism and naturism were the two leading nineteenth-century answers to the question of how religion began. Edward Burnett Tylor traced it to belief in spirits, Friedrich Max Müller to the personification of nature. Both theories were intellectualist and evolutionist, but they started from different experiences: the dream and the sky.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • Animism: Tylor's concept
  • Naturism: Müller's concept
  • Animism and naturism compared
  • Critiques common to both
  • Indian illustrations
  • Conclusion

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