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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Describe the impact of land reforms on the peasants of Indian society.

  • UPSC 2014
  • Rural and Agrarian Social Structure

Land reform did not affect "the peasantry" as a single body. Its impact was stratified, distributed along Daniel Thorner's division in The Agrarian Prospect in India (1956) between maliks who live on property rights, kisans who work their own land, and mazdoors who work others'. Reform lifted the layer immediately below the landlord and largely…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions.

What the full answer covers

  • The former intermediaries
  • The upper tenants: the principal gainers
  • The middle peasantry and the squeeze of scale
  • Sharecroppers and sub-tenants: the losers
  • Agricultural labourers, caste and gender
  • Conclusion

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