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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Define sect, cult and religion. In what way do Weber’s views on religion differ from those of Durkheim?

  • UPSC 2011
  • Religion and Society

Émile Durkheim and Max Weber founded the sociology of religion on opposite premises: society as a moral whole, and individuals acting on meanings. Their differences also shape how religion and its organisational forms, the sect and the cult, are defined.

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What the full answer covers

  • Definitions
  • How Weber differs from Durkheim
  • What the contrast shows
  • Indian illustration
  • Conclusion

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