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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“Curzon’s partition of Bengal gave the unwitting initiative to events of magnitude and returned many years later to port with the cargo of freedom.” Comment.

  • UPSC 1997
  • Early Indian Nationalism

Lord Curzon intended the Partition of Bengal (1905) as an administrative and political masterstroke to cripple Bengali nationalism; instead it launched a chain of nationalist mobilisation whose techniques and energy carried through to 1947 — the paradox this quotation captures.

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What the full answer covers

  • Curzon's Calculus: Efficiency as a Cloak for Division
  • The Unwitting Initiative: Bengal's Immediate Response
  • Events of Magnitude: Radicalisation Beyond Bengal
  • The Voyage's Long Return: From Swadeshi to Swaraj

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