Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer
Critically examine the role of IRNSS-NavIC programme on the satellite navigation system of India.
- UPSC 2022
- Transport, Communication and Trade
The IRNSS-NavIC programme is presented as the navigation pillar of the Indian space effort: a seven-satellite constellation with an associated ground segment supplying positional and timing services, three geostationary and four geosynchronous inclined, covering India and about 1,500 km beyond the frontier.
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What the full answer covers
- The Orthodox Claim
- The Evidence Against
- Constellation attrition is the central fact
- The frequency-band choice throttled adoption
- Regional reach against global reach
- Residual dependencies
- …and 1 more sections, with a conclusion
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