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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Critically examine the development of geography as a paradigmatic discipline. (20 Marks)

  • 20 marks
  • Perspectives in Human Geography

In his landmark treatise The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962), philosopher of science Thomas S. Kuhn posited that scientific disciplines do not evolve through cumulative, linear increments of knowledge. Instead, they advance through discontinuous, revolutionary ruptures—termed "paradigm shifts"—where an existing consensus (normal science) succumbs to accumulated anomalies, plunging into intellectual crisis before being supplanted by…

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Introduction: Epistemological Context and Thesis
  • 1. Conceptual Framework: The Kuhnian Scientific Cycle
  • 2. Genealogical Evolution of Paradigms in Geography
  • 3. Diagram: Paradigm Shifts vs. Multi-Paradigmatic Coexistence
  • 4. Critical Appraisal: Does Geography Fit Kuhn’s Model?
  • A. Masterman’s Challenge and Paradigm Ambiguity
  • …and 5 more sections, with a conclusion

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