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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

Critically examine the theories on population migration.

  • UPSC 2015
  • Population and Settlement Geography

Migration — a change of usual residence across an administrative boundary — has been theorised since E.G. Ravenstein (1885, 1889) derived the first "laws" from British census birthplace data.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Ravenstein's Laws: The Empirical Bedrock
  • What Still Holds
  • Where They Fail
  • Lee, Zipf and Stouffer: Refinement Within the Same Frame
  • Zelinsky's Mobility Transition (1971)
  • Economic Theories: Migration as Calculation
  • …and 2 more sections, with a conclusion

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