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Sociology Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Compare and contrast the contributions of Marx and Weber on social stratification in capitalist society.

  • UPSC 2019
  • Stratification and Mobility

Karl Marx and Max Weber were the two great analysts of capitalism. Marx, in Capital, Vol. I (1867), saw it as a system of exploitation driven towards crisis. Weber, in The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism (1904–05) and Economy and Society (1922), saw it as a regime of rational calculation and bureaucratic order.…

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What the full answer covers

  • Common ground
  • Points of contrast
  • Legacies in later theory
  • Indian capitalism through both lenses
  • Conclusion

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