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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Comment in 150 words: Compare and contrast Chipko Movement with Narmada Bachao Andolan.

  • UPSC 2013
  • 10 marks
  • Social Movements

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Chipko (Garhwal Himalaya, from 1973) and the Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA; local committees from 1985, united under that name in 1989) are the two reference cases of what Ramachandra Guha and Joan Martínez-Alier call the environmentalism of the poor, where ecology and livelihood cannot be separated. They share a method and a moral language but…

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  • Contrasts
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  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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