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PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions · Model answer

Discuss whether coalitional politics has led to a different pattern of federalism in India.

  • UPSC 2006
  • Federalism

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W. H. Morris-Jones called Indian federalism "bargaining federalism", but in the Congress era the bargaining took place inside one party. From 1989 to 2014 no party won a Lok Sabha majority, and the bargaining moved into the Union Cabinet itself. The result was a genuinely different pattern of federalism, though it was produced by the…

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What the full answer covers

  • How the pattern changed, 1989–2014
  • Limits of the claim
  • 2024: the pattern returns
  • Conclusion
PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

PSIR Optional PYQ Solutions

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