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Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack · Model answer

“Automation is rapidly changing the economies of labour and will affect trade patterns in significant ways”. Clarify.

  • UPSC 2022
  • Economic Geography

Automation — substituting capital for human labour via industrial robotics, CNC machining, additive manufacturing (3D printing) and AI-driven algorithmic services — is spreading from factory floors into clerical and cognitive work.

You are reading the opening of the model answer. The full answer is part of the Geography Optional 300+ Score Pack.

What the full answer covers

  • Step One: Labour's Falling Share in Production Cost
  • Task Polarisation and the Hollowing of Mid-Skill Work
  • Step Two: Weakening of Endowment-Based Comparative Advantage
  • Reshoring, Shorter Chains and Trade in Digital Tasks
  • The Counterweight: Diffusion Is Concentrated

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