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History Optional PYQ Master Pack · Model answer

“At the dawn of the twentieth century Lord Curzon, the Viceroy of India, was full of hostility towards the Indian National Congress and he confidentially reported to the Secretary of State in November 1900: My own belief is that the Congress is tottering to its fall, and one of my greatest ambitions while in India is to’ assist it to a peaceful demise.” Examine.

  • UPSC 2013
  • Early Indian Nationalism

Lord Curzon's 1900 remark captures the sharpest point of official hostility the Indian National Congress faced in its first two decades, but the very persistence and resilience of the Congress across his viceroyalty (1899–1905) shows how badly he misread its staying power.

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What the full answer covers

  • The Basis of Curzon's Confidence
  • Curzon's Deliberate Strategy to Hasten Congress's Collapse
  • Why the "Peaceful Demise" Never Came

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